Ogwe ígwè anaghị agba nchara 17-4PH 630

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Nkọwa Dị Mkpirikpi:

SAKYSTEEL na-enye ogwe ígwè anaghị agba nchara nke 17-4PH (630PH) nwere ike dị mma na iguzogide nchara maka ojiji ụgbọelu, mmiri, na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe.

Ọkọlọtọ::ASTM A564 / ASME SA564

Ọkwa::AISI 630 SUS630 17-4PH

Elu::Igwe Ọcha Na-egbuke egbuke nke Ojii

Dayameta::4.00 mm ruo 400 mm

Zitere anyị ozi-e Budata ya dị ka PDF

Nkọwa Ngwaahịa

Akara Ngwaahịa

17-4PH / 630 / 1.4542 nke Saky Steel bụ otu n'ime ígwè chromium-nickel alloy kachasị ewu ewu ma na-ejikarị eme ihe nwere ihe mgbakwunye ọla kọpa, mmiri ozuzo siri ike na nhazi martensitic. A na-eji ya eguzogide nchara dị elu ma na-ejigide ihe onwunwe siri ike dị elu, gụnyere ike. Ígwè nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ na oke okpomọkụ site na -29 ℃ ruo 343 ℃, ebe ọ na-ejigide paramita dị mma. Na mgbakwunye, ihe ndị dị na ọkwa a bụ ezigbo ductility na iguzogide nchara ha yiri 1.4301 / X5CrNi18-10.

17-4PH, nke a makwaara dịka UNS S17400, bụ ígwè anaghị agba nchara nke na-eme ka mmiri ozuzo sie ike site na mmiri ozuzo. Ọ bụ ihe a na-ejikarị eme ihe ma na-ejikarị eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche, dịka ụgbọelu, nuklia, petrochemical, na nhazi nri.

17-4PH nwere ike dị elu, ezigbo nguzogide nchara, na ezigbo ike ma e jiri ya tụnyere ígwè ndị ọzọ anaghị agba nchara. Ọ bụ ngwakọta nke chromium 17%, nickel 4%, ọla kọpa 4%, na obere ego nke molybdenum na niobium. Njikọta nke ihe ndị a na-enye ígwè ahụ ihe pụrụ iche ya.

N'ozuzu, 17-4PH bụ ihe dị oke mma ma baa uru nke na-enye ezigbo nguzozi nke ihe onwunwe maka ọtụtụ ngwa dị iche iche.

Ngwaahịa Agbagharị Agba Igwe anaghị agba nchara Gosi:

Nkọwapụta nke 630ogwe ígwè anaghị agba nchara:

Nkọwapụta:ASTM A564 / ASME SA564

Ọkwa:AISI 630 SUS630 17-4PH 1.4542 PH

Ogologo:5.8M,6M & Ogologo achọrọ

Dayameta Ogwe Gburugburu:4.00 mm ruo 400 mm

Ogwe Na-egbuke egbuke :4mm-100mm,

Ntachi obi:H8, H9, H10, H11, H12, H13, K9, K10, K11, K12 ma ọ bụ dịka ihe ndị ahịa chọrọ si dị

Ọnọdụ:A na-ese ya n'oyi ma na-egbuke egbuke, a na-ese ya n'oyi ma na-akpụ ya n'ụdị e ji akpụ ya.

Mmecha Elu:Ojii, Na-egbuke egbuke, A na-eme ka ọ dị mma, Agbanweela ya nke ọma, Ngụcha nke 4, Matt Finish

Ụdị:Gburugburu, Akụkụ anọ, Hex (A/F), Akụkụ anọ, Billet, Ingot, Forged Wdg.

Ọgwụgwụ:Ọgwụgwụ Dị Mfe, Ọgwụgwụ A Gbagọrọ Agọ

Ngwakọta kemịkalụ nke igwe anaghị agba nchara:

Nhọpụta UNS	Ụdị	C	Mn	P	S	Si	Cr	Ni	Al	Mo	Ti	Cu	Ihe Ndị Ọzọ
S17400	630	0.07	1.00	0.040	0.030	1.00	15.00–17.50	3.00–5.00	–	–	–	3.00–5.00	C
S17700	631	0.09	1.00	0.040	0.030	1.00	16.00–18.00	6.50–7.75	–	–	–	–	–
S15700	632	0.09	1.00	0.040	0.030	1.00	14.00–16.00	6.50–7.75	–	2.00–3.00	–	–	–
S35500	634	0.10–0.15	0.50–1.25	0.040	0.030	0.50	15.00–16.00	4.00–5.00	–	2.50–3.25	–	–	D
S17600	635	0.08	1.00	0.040	0.030	1.00	16.00–17.50	6.00–7.50	0.40	–	–	–	–
S15500	XM-12	0.07	1.00	0.040	0.030	1.00	14.00–15.50	3.50–5.50	–	–	–	2.50–4.50	C
S13800	XM-13	0.05	0.20	0.040	0.008	1.00	12.25–13.25	7.50–8.50	0.90–1.35	2.00–2.50	–	–	E
S45500	XM-16	0.03	0.50	0.015	0.015	0.50	11.00–12.50	7.50–9.50	–	0.50	0.90–1.40	1.50–2.50	F
S45503	–	0.010	0.50	0.010	0.010	0.50	11.00–12.50	7.50–9.50	–	0.50	1.00–1.35	1.50–2.50	F
S45000	XM-25	0.05	1.00	0.030	0.030	0.50	14.00–16.00	5.00–7.00	–	–	–	1.25–1.75	G
S46500	–	0.02	0.25	0.040	0.030	1.00	11.00–13.0	10.75–11.25	0.15–0.50	0.75–1.25	–	–	E
S46910	–	0.030	1.00	0.040	0.020	1.00	11.00–12.50	8.00–10.00	0.50–1.20	3.0–5.0	–	1.5–3.5	–
S10120	–	0.02	1.00	0.040	0.015	0.25	11.00–12.50	9.00–11.00	1.10	1.75–2.25	0.20–0.50	–	E
S11100	–	0.02	0.25	0.040	0.010	0.25	11.00–12.50	10.25–11.25	1.35–1.75	1.75–2.25	0.20–0.50	–	E

17-4PH Ogwe ígwè anaghị agba nchara nke nha nhata:

Ọkọlọtọ	UNS	WERKSTOFF NR.	AFNOR	JIS	EN	BS	GOST
17-4PH	S17400	1.4542

Ọgwụgwọ Ngwọta Ogwe Igwe anaghị agba nchara 17-4PH:

Ọkwa	Ike nrụgide (MPa) nkeji	Ogologo (% na 50mm) nkeji	Ike Mmepụta 0.2% Ihe Ngosi (MPa) nkeji	Ike siri ike
				Rockwell C max	Brinell (HB) kachasị
630	-	-	-	38	363

Tinyegharịa akara: Ọnọdụ A 1900±25°F[1040±15°C](ọ dị mma dịka ọ dị mkpa ruo n'okpuru 90°F(30°C))

1.4542 Ihe achọrọ maka ule mekaniki mgbe ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ siri ike nke afọ gasịrị:

Ike ọdụdọ :Nkeji – ksi (MPa), Nke kacha nta
Ike nke Eriri:0.2 % kwụsịrị , nkeji – ksi (MPa) , kacha nta
Ogologo:na 2″, nkeji: %, Nke kacha nta
Ike siri ike:Rockwell, Oke

Njirimara Mechanical nke igwe anaghị agba nchara 17-4PH site na Ọnọdụ Ọgwụgwọ Okpomọkụ:

	H 900	H 925	H 1025	H 1075	H 1100	H 1150	H 1150-M
Ike Nrụgide Kachasị Elu, ksi	190	170	155	145	140	135	115
Ike Mmepụta 0.2%, ksi	170	155	145	125	115	105	75
Ogologo pasentị na 2″ ma ọ bụ 4XD	10	10	12	13	14	16	16
Mbelata nke Mpaghara, %	40	54	56	58	58	60	68
Ike siri ike, Brinell (Rockwell)	388 (C 40)	375 (C 38)	331 (C 35)	311 (C 32)	302 (C 31)	277 (C 28)	255 (C 24)
Mmetụta Charpy V-Notch, ft - lbs		6.8	20	27	34	41	75

Nhọrọ ịgbaze:

1 EAF: Ọkụ ọkụ eletrik
2 EAF+LF+VD: Ịgbaze ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ ma na-eme ka ikuku ghara ịdị ọcha
3 EAF+ESR: Ịgbanwe Electro Slag
4 EAF+PESR: ikuku nchekwa Electro Slag Remelting
5 VIM+PESR: Mgbaze nke induction vacuum

Nhọrọ ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ:

1 +A: Ejiri ya mee ihe (jupụtara/dị nro/ọ na-eme ka ọ dị ka ihe ...
2 +N: Emebere nke ọma
3 + NT: Emebere nke ọma ma dị jụụ
4 + QT: Emechiri emechi ma mee ka ọ dị jụụ (mmiri/mmanụ)
5 + AT: A gbajiri ngwọta ahụ
6 +P: Mmiri siri ike

Ọgwụgwọ Okpomọkụ:

Ọgwụgwọ ngwọta (Ọnọdụ A) — A na-ekpo ọkụ ígwè anaghị agba nchara nke ọkwa 630 na 1040°C maka awa 0.5, wee jiri ikuku jụọ oyi ruo 30°C. Enwere ike imenyụ obere akụkụ nke akara ndị a.

Ike siri ike — A na-eme ka ígwè anaghị agba nchara nke ọkwa 630 sie ike karịa ogologo oge n'okpomọkụ dị ala iji nweta ihe ndị dị mkpa maka igwe. N'oge usoro a, agba elu na-agbanwe agbanwe na-esochi ya, wee belata na 0.10% maka ọnọdụ H1150, na 0.05% maka ọnọdụ H900.

Ụkpụrụ maka 17-4PH Igwe anaghị agba nchara

Ígwè anaghị agba nchara nke 17-4PH kwekọrọ na ọtụtụ ụkpụrụ na nkọwapụta mba ụwa, na-eme ka a hụ na a pụrụ ịtụkwasị obi ịdị mma na arụmọrụ n'ofe ụlọ ọrụ dịka ikuku, ike, na nhazi kemịkalụ.

Òtù Ọkọlọtọ	Nkọwapụta	Nkọwa
ASTM	ASTM A564 / A564M	Ọkọlọtọ maka ogwe ígwè anaghị agba nchara nke a na-akpọgharị ọkụ na nke oyi na-eme ka ọ sie ike karịa afọ na ọdịdị ya
	ASTM A693	Nkọwapụta maka efere, mpempe akwụkwọ, na eriri igwe anaghị agba nchara nke na-eme ka mmiri sie ike
	ASTM A705 / A705M	Nkọwapụta maka igwe anaghị agba nchara na ígwè na-eguzogide okpomọkụ nke a kpụrụ akpụ nke na-eme ka mmiri ghara ịpụ apụ
ASME	ASME SA564 / SA693 / SA705	Nkọwapụta koodu arịa nrụgide nhata
AMS (Aerospace)	AMS 5643	Nkọwapụta ụgbọelu maka mmanya, waya, ihe e ji achọ mma, na mgbaaka dị na mmiri 17-4PH nke e ji ihe ngwọta gwọọ ma dị ogologo mee
	AMS 5622	Efere, mpempe akwụkwọ, na mpempe akwụkwọ
EN / DIN	EN 1.4542 / DIN X5CrNiCuNb16-4	Nhazi nke ndị Yuropu maka 17-4PH nwere ihe mejupụtara na ihe onwunwe yiri ya
UNS	UNS S17400	Nhazi Sistemụ Ngụkọta Ọnụọgụgụ Dị n'Otu
ISO	ISO 15156-3	Asambodo maka ojiji na akụrụngwa mmanụ na gburugburu gas gbara ụka
NACE	MR0175	Ihe achọrọ maka iguzogide mgbawa nrụgide sulfide

Ihe Nnwale N'ime Ebe A Na-etinye Maka Ogwe:

Iji hụ na ngwaahịa mmanya SAKY STEEL niile dị mma ma rụọ ọrụ nke ọma, enwere ike ịnwale ha site na nyocha zuru oke n'ime ebe ahụ. Nnwale ndị a na-egosi nhazi kemịkalụ, iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke igwe, na nkwụsi ike nke microstructural ozugbo na ihe ndị ahụ tupu ebuga ma ọ bụ mgbe emechara nhazi ha.

Mba.	Ihe Nnwale	Nkọwa	Ihe / Oke Dị Mkpa	Ihe ndetu
1	Ule Ike N'ime Ụlọ	Ọ na-atụ ike elu (HB/HRC/HV) iji chọpụta ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ mmepụta ihe	Ụdị mmanya niile - igwe anaghị agba nchara, alloy nickel, titanium, aluminom	Nnwale ọkọlọtọ maka ogwe osisi
2	Ule Metallographic n'ime ụlọ	Na-enyocha nhazi ọka, nkesa carbide, na oke nkebi	Ígwè anaghị agba nchara, nickel alloy, titanium	Chọpụta oke okpomọkụ ma ọ bụ ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ na-ekwesịghị ekwesị
3	Nnwale Ngwakọta Kemịkalụ n'ime ụlọ (PMI)	Na-akwado ọkwa ihe na ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ site na iji XRF ma ọ bụ OES	Ogwe ígwè niile	Na-egbochi ngwakọta ihe
4	Ule Nrụgide Ndị Ọzọ	Nyochaa nrụgide dị n'ime mgbe ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ ma ọ bụ igwe ọkụ gasịrị	Ogwe ígwè, nickel, na titanium	Na-egbochi mgbanwe ma ọ bụ mgbawa
5	Nnwale Nrụgide na Nrụgide	Na-ekpebi ihe onwunwe igwe dịka ike mmepụta na modulus	Ogwe ndị nwere ike ma ọ bụ ihe owuwu dị elu	Nkwenye igwe nhọrọ
6	Nnwale Na-anaghị Ebibi Emebi nke Nọmba Ferrite	Na-atụ uru FN na nguzozi ferrite-austenite	Ogwe ígwè anaghị agba nchara Austenitic / Duplex	Ọ dịghị mkpa maka aluminom ma ọ bụ titanium
7	Nnwale Ọkpụrụkpụ nke Mkpuchi	Na-atụ nha mkpuchi ma ọ bụ ọkpụrụkpụ oyi akwa anodized	Ogwe anodized a kpuchiri ekpuchi, a kpuchiri ekpuchi, ma ọ bụ nke e ji anod mee	Maka naanị ogwe osisi pụrụ iche e ji elu gwọọ
8	Nnwale Nrụgide Eserese n'ime ụlọ	Nyochaa nguzogide nchara dịka NACE ma ọ bụ nkọwapụta omenala si dị	Ígwè anaghị agba nchara, ogwe alloy nickel	A na-eji ya arụ ọrụ mmiri ma ọ bụ kemịkalụ
9	Nchọpụta Mmejọ Ultrasonic (UT)	Na-achọpụta ntụpọ dị n'ime na ihe ndị dị n'ime ogwe siri ike	Ogwe siri ike niile nke ígwè	Na-anọchi ule ọkpụrụkpụ mgbidi (maka ọkpọkọ naanị)

Nyocha nke Ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ

Na SAKY STEEL, anyị na-ahụ na ihe niile e ji arụ ọrụ ruru ọkọlọtọ mba ụwa site na nyocha kemịkalụ zuru oke. Ụlọ nyocha anyị dị elu nwere ngwa ọrụ ọgbara ọhụrụ, gụnyere Optical Emission Spectrometer (OES), Positive Material Identification (PMI), Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometer (ICP), na X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) analyzer.

Usoro (Mkpirisi)	Aha/Nkọwa Bekee zuru ezu	Ebumnuche A Na-ahụkarị
OES	Nnyocha Spectrometric nke Mgbapụta Ọkụ Anya	Nnwale nhazi alloy ngwa ngwa
PMI	Nchọpụta Ihe Dị Mma	Nkwenye ọkwa ihe dị n'ebe ahụ
ICP	Spectrometric Plasma nke ejikọtara ọnụ nke ọma	Nyocha ihe ndị e ji achọpụta ihe kpọmkwem
XRF	Spectrometric X-Radial Fluorescence	Nnyocha ọtụtụ ihe maka ihe atụ metal na alloy
Nyocha Carbon na Sọlfọ	Ihe Nyocha Carbon na Sọlfọ	Mkpebi nke ọdịnaya C na S na ígwè
Nyocha Enweghị/Ọnụ/Ọnụ	Ihe Nyocha Nitrogen, Oxygen, na Hydrogen	Nchọpụta ihe gas na ọla
Ntinye kemịkalụ	Usoro Kemịstrị Mmiri Oge Ochie	Nkwenye kemịkalụ ọkọlọtọ
Spectrophotometer	Nyocha Spectrophotometric nke UV-A na-ahụ anya	Nnwale agba nke ihe ndị a na-ahụ anya
FAAS	Spectroscopy nke na-amịkọrọ ọkụ na Atomic Absorption	Nha ihe ọnụọgụgụ
GC	Chromatography Gas	Nkewa na nyocha nke gas ma ọ bụ ihe ndị na-agbanwe agbanwe
IC	Ion Chromatography	Nyocha nke anions na cations na ngwọta
GD-MS	Spectrometry nke na-egbukepụ egbukepụ maka oke mwepụta ọbara	Nnyocha omimi na nyocha elu
Onye Nyocha TOC	Mgbakọta Ihe Nyocha Carbon Organic	Nnwale ọdịnaya organic
Igwe ihe nlele IR	Igwe nyocha infrared	Nchọpụta nhazi molekụla na ihe mejupụtara ya

Nnwale Arụmọrụ Mekaniki:

Na SAKY STEEL, anyị na-eme ọtụtụ nnwale arụmọrụ igwe iji hụ na ngwaahịa ígwè anaghị agba nchara, ígwè alloy, na nickel alloy ọ bụla anyị na-enye siri ike, siri ike, na ogologo oge. Anyị na-eme nnwale zuru oke dịka ike nrụgide, ike mmepụta, ogologo oge, ike siri ike (Brinell, Rockwell, Vickers, Leeb), mgbagọ, ike mmetụta, ike ọgwụgwụ, na ike mgbawa (KIC na CTOD). Nnwale ndị a na-atụle kpọmkwem omume igwe nke ihe ndị dị n'okpuru ibu na gburugburu dị iche iche, na-ahụ na ha na-agbaso ụkpụrụ ASTM, EN, GB, na ISO nke ọma.

Ihe Nnwale	Aha zuru oke / Nkọwa
Nnwale siri ike nke Brinell / Rockwell / Vickers	Nha siri ike maka ụdị ígwè dị iche iche
Nnwale ike Knoop / Leeb / Webster	Nnwale ike dị mfe na nke obere
Nnwale siri ike nke Shore / Mohs / Pensụl	Nyocha siri ike nke elu
Nnwale ntinye aka nano	Nyocha ihe onwunwe igwe Micro/nano
Nnwale ime ụlọ / oke okpomọkụ dị elu	Nnwale ike nrụgide na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị elu ma ọ bụ nke gburugburu ebe obibi
Nnwale nha nha nke modulus na-agbanwe agbanwe / nke Poisson	Àgwà mgbanwe na-agbanwe agbanwe
Nnwale ihe na-eme ka nrụgide sie ike (n)	Omume ime ka nrụgide sie ike na ihe onwunwe
Nnwale oke nrụgide plastik (r)	Ihe onwunwe nke mgbanwe plastik
Nnwale gbagọrọ agbagọ	Nnwale ịdị mfe na nhazi
Nnwale gbagọrọ agbagọ azụ	Nnyocha ike ọgwụgwụ na mgbanwe
Nnwale ịgba ọkụ / ịgba ọkụ / ịgba ọkụ	Nyocha arụmọrụ nke tube na ọkpọkọ
Nnwale mmetụta okpomọkụ dị ala / ụlọ	Nnwale ike mmetụta n'okpuru ọnọdụ dị iche iche
Nyocha nke mgbawa obi	Nyocha nke iwe iwe
Nnwale ike nke mgbawa ọkpụkpụ (nnwale KIC)	Mgbochi mgbawa n'okpuru nrụgide
Nnwale ịkwa akwa	Nha ike shear
Ule ike ọgwụgwụ	Ịdịgide n'okpuru ibu okirikiri
Nnwale ntachi obi	Nguzogide mgbanwe ogologo oge
Nnwale Mwepụ Mkpọghe Mgbawa (CTOD)	Usoro mgbawa na nyocha mgbasa mgbawa
Nnwale igwe na-abụghị ọkọlọtọ	Nnwale ahaziri ahazi dabere na ihe ndị ahịa chọrọ

SGS Asambodo 17-4PH Igwe anaghị agba nchara - Ike akwadoro

Nke anyịOgwe gburugburu ígwè anaghị agba nchara 17-4PHa na-anwale ma na-enyocha site naSGS, na-ahụ na e nwere ụkpụrụ mba ụwa na ihe achọrọ maka ọkwa ọrụ zuru oke.

✔ Nnyocha onwe onye site na SGS
✔ Nchọta zuru oke site na iji Okpomọkụ Nke.
✔ Njirimara mekanik na kemikal akwadoro
✔ Dabara adaba maka ngwa dị mkpa (Mmanụ na Gas, Ụgbọelu, Injinịa)

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1. Ị nwere ike nweta ihe zuru oke dịka ihe ị chọrọ si dị ma ọ dịkarịa ala ọnụ ahịa.
2. Anyị na-enyekwa ọnụahịa Reworks, FOB, CFR, CIF, na nnyefe site n'ọnụ ụzọ ruo n'ọnụ ụzọ. Anyị na-adụ gị ọdụ ka ị mee nkwekọrịta maka mbupu nke ga-adị ọnụ ala.
3. Ihe anyị na-enye bụ ihe a pụrụ ịchọpụta kpamkpam, site na asambodo ule ihe eji arụ ọrụ ruo na nkwupụta akụkụ ikpeazụ. (Akụkọ ga-egosi ma ọ bụrụ na achọrọ ya)
4. e nkwa inye nzaghachi n'ime awa 24 (na-abụkarị n'otu awa ahụ)
5. Ị nwere ike nweta ihe ndị ọzọ dị iche iche maka ngwaahịa, nnyefe igwe ihe na-emepụta ihe na ibelata oge nrụpụta.
6. Anyị raara onwe anyị nye ndị ahịa anyị kpamkpam. Ọ bụrụ na ọ gaghị ekwe omume imezu ihe ị chọrọ mgbe anyị lechara nhọrọ niile, anyị agaghị eduhie gị site n'ikwe nkwa ụgha nke ga-eme ka mmekọrịta dị mma n'etiti ndị ahịa.

Nkwakọ ngwaahịa

1. Nkwakọ ngwaahịa dị oke mkpa karịsịa n'ọnọdụ mbupu mba ofesi ebe mbupu na-agafe n'ọtụtụ ụzọ iji ruo ebe kacha mma anyị na-aga, yabụ anyị na-etinye nchegbu pụrụ iche gbasara nkwakọ ngwaahịa.
2. Saky Steel na-akwakọba ngwa ahịa anyị n'ọtụtụ ụzọ dabere na ngwaahịa ndị ahụ. Anyị na-akwakọba ngwa ahịa anyị n'ọtụtụ ụzọ, dịka,

Ngwa:

A na-enye 17-4PH, 630 na X5CrNiCuNb16-4 / 1.4542 n'ụdị ogwe gburugburu, mpempe akwụkwọ, ogwe dị larịị na eriri oyi na-akpọchi. A na-eji ihe a eme ihe nke ọma na ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọelu, mmiri, akwụkwọ, ike, mmiri na nri maka ihe ndị dị arọ, bushings, turbine agụba, njikọ, skru, shafts draịva, mkpụrụ, ngwaọrụ nha.

1. Ụlọ Ọrụ Ụgbọelu

Ihe ndị dị na injin turbine (impellers, shafts, housings)
Akụkụ gia ọdịda
Ihe njide (bolt, mkpụrụ) na njikọ nhazi
Akụkụ sistemụ hydraulic

2. Ụlọ Ọrụ Mmanụ na Gas

Ngwaọrụ olulu mmiri (mkpanaka igwu mmiri, oche valvụ, ihe ndị e ji emechi paịpụ)
Akụkụ valvụ na-eguzogide nrụrụ aka
Ngwa akụrụngwa mmanụ (ihe ndọba mgbapụta, ihe mkpuchi, mgbaaka mkpuchi)