Ibha yentsimbi engagqwaliyo engama-309 / 309S / 309H
Inkcazo emfutshane:
I-SakySteel ibonelela ngeebha zentsimbi engagqwali ze-309, 309S, kunye ne-309H ezinokumelana kakuhle ne-oxidation, amandla obushushu aphezulu, kunye nokumelana nokugqwala. Ifanelekile kwiifeni, kwiibhoyila, nakwii-heat exchangers.
Iibha zentsimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic 309, 309S, kunye ne-309H zii-alloys ezinobushushu obuphezulu ezenzelwe ukunyibilikisa kakuhle kunye nokumelana nobushushu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1100°C. Ngokwakheka okulinganayo kwe-chromium kunye ne-nickel, la manqanaba anika amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, kunye nokuzinza kobushushu. I-309S inika umxholo ophantsi wekhabhoni ukuze kube lula ukuwelda, ngelixa i-309H iqulethe ikhabhoni ephezulu ukuze kuphuculwe amandla obushushu obuphezulu. Isetyenziswa rhoqo kwii-oven, kwiibhoyila, kwii-heat exchangers, nakwizixhobo zokucubungula iikhemikhali,I-SakySteelibonelela ngezi bar kwiimeko ezishushu, ezitsalwa kubanda, nezicociweyo, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo phantsi kweemeko ezinzima.
| Iinkcukacha zebha ejikelezileyo ye-316/316L SS: |
| Iinkcukacha | I-ASTM A276 |
| Ibanga | 309 / 309S / 309H |
| Ubude | 1000 mm – 6000 mm okanye njengoko kuceliwe |
| Uluhlu lobubanzi | 10 mm – 200 mm (iyafumaneka ngokwesiko) |
| Ubuchwepheshe | Ishushu Eqengqekileyo / Eyenziweyo / Ebandayo Etsaliweyo |
| Ukusefai-ace igqibezele | Igqamile, Ixotyulwe, Ikhazimlisiwe, Ijikisiwe, Ifakwe i-pickle |
| Ifomu | Ijikelezileyo, Isikwere, Isicaba, I-Hexagonal |
| Ibha yentsimbi engagqwaliyo engama-309, 309S, kunye ne-309H. Amanqanaba alinganayo: |
| Ibanga | I-UNS | I-EN/W.Nor. | Utyumbo lwe-EN | I-AISI/SAE | I-JIS yaseJapan |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 309 | S30900 | 1.4833 | X12CrNi23-13 | 309 | I-SUS 309 |
| 309S | S30908 | 1.4833 | X12CrNi23-13 | 309S | I-SUS 309S |
| 309H | S30909 | – | – | 309H | – |
| Ukwakhiwa kweeKhemikhali SS 309 309S 309H Ibha ejikelezileyo: |
| I-elementi | 309 (%) | 309S (%) | 309H (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ikhabhoni (C) | Ubuninzi obuyi-0.20 | Ubuninzi obuyi-0.08 | 0.04-0.10 |
| I-Chromium (Cr) | 22.0-24.0 | 22.0-24.0 | 22.0-24.0 |
| I-Nickel (Ni) | 12.0-15.0 | 12.0-15.0 | 12.0-15.0 |
| IManganese (Mn) | Ubuninzi be-2.0 | Ubuninzi be-2.0 | Ubuninzi be-2.0 |
| I-Silicon (Si) | Ubuninzi obuyi-0.75 | Ubuninzi obuyi-0.75 | Ubuninzi obuyi-0.75 |
| I-Phosphorus (P) | Ubuninzi obuyi-0.045 | Ubuninzi obuyi-0.045 | Ubuninzi obuyi-0.045 |
| I-Sulfur (S) | Ubuninzi be-0.030 | Ubuninzi be-0.030 | Ubuninzi be-0.030 |
| I-nitrogen (N) | Ubuninzi obuyi-0.11 | Ubuninzi obuyi-0.11 | – |
| Intsimbi (Fe) | Ibhalansi | Ibhalansi | Ibhalansi |
| Iipropati zeMvelo nezeMishini: |
| Ipropati | Ixabiso |
|---|---|
| Uxinano | 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³) |
| Uluhlu lokunyibilika | 1480-1530°C (2500-2590°F) |
| Imodulus ye-Elasticity kwi-20°C | I-196 GPa (28.5 × 10⁶ psi) |
| Ukumelana nombane kwi-20°C | 0.78 Ω·mm²/m (78 microhm-cm) |
| Ukuqhuba kwe-Thermal kwi-100°C | 15 W/m·K (9.0 BTU·hr/ft²/ft/°F) |
| I-Coefficient yokwandisa ubushushu (20-100°C) | Malunga ne-9.7 × 10⁻⁶ /°F |
| Umthamo othile wobushushu | 500 J/kg·K (0.12 BTU/lb·°F) |
| Ipropati | Ixabiso eliqhelekileyo |
|---|---|
| Amandla okuThamba (umzuzu) | I-515 MPa (75,000 psi) |
| Amandla okuVuna (i-0.2% ye-Offset, umzuzu) | 205 MPa (30,000 psi) |
| Ukwandiswa kwi-50mm (umzuzu) | 40% |
| Ubunzima (ubuninzi) | 217 HB (95 HRB) |
| Unyango lobushushu: |
Ukuze isebenze kakuhle, iintsimbi ezingenasici ze-309, 309S, kunye ne-309H kufuneka zilandele ezi nkqubo zilandelayo zonyango lobushushu ezicetyiswayo:
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Isisombululo sokuNgcwaba:Fudumeza izinto ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1832–2101°F (1000–1150°C), uze uzicime ngokukhawuleza ukuze unyibilikise iikhabhayithi kwaye ufumane ukumelana okuphezulu kokugqwala.
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Ukubuyiselwa kweSigaba seSigma:Inkonzo ende phakathi kwe-1202–1742°F (650–950°C) inokubangela ukubhitya ngenxa yokwakheka kwesigaba se-sigma. Ukwenza i-solution anneal kwi-2012–2102°F (1100–1150°C) kunceda ukubuyisela ukugungqa kunye nokuqina.
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Ukwenziwa Okushushu:Xa usebenza ngobushushu, fudumeza ngokulinganayo ukuya kwi-1742–2192°F (950–1200°C). Emva kokubumba, unyango lokugqibela lokutsalela ubushushu kwi-1832–2101°F (1000–1150°C) lulandelwa kukupholisa ngokukhawuleza kuyacetyiswa ukugcina uzinzo lwesakhiwo.
Ezi nqanaba azinakwenziwa ziqine ngonyango lobushushu. Amanqanaba aphezulu ekhabhoni kwi-standard 309 kunye ne-309H andisa amandla okuqhekeka kodwa anokunyusa ukuchacha kwe-carbide ngexesha lokuwelda okanye ukuvezwa ixesha elide kumaqondo obushushu aphakathi. Kwizicelo ezifuna ukuwelda okubanzi,309S, ngenxa yomthamo wayo ophantsi wekhabhoni, lolona khetho lukhethwayo.
| Izinto zovavanyo ezisetyenziswa kwiindawo zovavanyo: |
Ukuqinisekisa umgangatho ophezulu kunye nokusebenza, zonke iimveliso zebha zeSAKY STEEL zingavavanywa ngokusebenzisa uluhlu olubanzi lokuhlolwa ngaphakathi kwindawo. Olu vavanyo luqinisekisa ukwakheka kweekhemikhali, ukuthembeka koomatshini, kunye nozinzo lwesakhiwo ngokuthe ngqo kwizixhobo ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa okanye emva kokucutshungulwa.
| Hayi. | Into yoVavanyo | Inkcazo | Izinto ezisebenzayo / Uluhlu | Phawula |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Uvavanyo Lobunzima Bendawo Ekhoyo | Ilinganisa ubulukhuni bomphezulu (HB/HRC/HV) ukuqinisekisa unyango lobushushu okanye imeko yokubumba | Zonke iintlobo zeebha — intsimbi engatyiwayo, ii-alloys ze-nickel, i-titanium, i-aluminium | Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lweebha |
| 2 | Uvavanyo lweMetallographic olukwindawo ethile | Uhlola ulwakhiwo lwengqolowa, usasazo lwekhabhayithi, kunye nomlinganiselo wesigaba | Intsimbi engatyiwayo, i-nickel alloy, i-titanium | Ifumanisa ukuba kukho ubushushu obugqithisileyo okanye unyango olungafanelekanga lobushushu |
| 3 | Uvavanyo lweKhemikhali olukwindawo ethile (i-PMI) | Iqinisekisa umgangatho wezinto kunye nokwakheka kweekhemikhali usebenzisa i-XRF okanye i-OES | Zonke iibha zesinyithi | Ithintela ukuxubana kwezinto |
| 4 | Uvavanyo loxinzelelo olushiyekileyo | Uvavanya uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi emva konyango lobushushu okanye umatshini | Intsimbi, i-nickel, imivalo yetitanium | Ithintela ukuguquka okanye ukuqhekeka |
| 5 | Uvavanyo loxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo | Imisela iipropati zoomatshini ezifana namandla okuvelisa kunye nemodulus | Iibhari zesakhiwo okanye ezomeleleyo | Ukuqinisekiswa koomatshini okukhethwayo |
| 6 | Uvavanyo lweNombolo yeFerrite olungonakalisiyo | Ilinganisa ixabiso le-FN kunye nebhalansi ye-ferrite-austenite | Iibha zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zaseAustenitic / Duplex | Ayisebenzi kwi-aluminium okanye kwi-titanium |
| 7 | Uvavanyo loBungqingqwa beeCoatings | Ukulinganisa ukugquma okanye ubukhulu bomaleko odibeneyo | Iibhari ezifakwe ipleyiti, ezigqunyiweyo, okanye ezifakwe i-anodized | Kwimivalo ekhethekileyo ecociweyo kumphezulu kuphela |
| 8 | Uvavanyo Lokugqwala Olulingisiweyo Olukwindawo Ekhoyo | Ivavanya ukumelana nokugqwala ngokwe-NACE okanye ngokweemfuno zesiko | Intsimbi engenasici, iibha ze-nickel alloy | Isetyenziswa kwiiprojekthi zaselwandle okanye zeekhemikhali |
| 9 | Ukufunyanwa kweziphene ze-Ultrasonic (UT) | Ifumanisa iziphene zangaphakathi kunye nokufakwa kwezinto kwimivalo eqinileyo | Zonke iibha eziqinileyo zesinyithi | Ithatha indawo yovavanyo lobukhulu bodonga (kwiityhubhu kuphela) |
| Uhlalutyo loBume beeKhemikhali: |
Apha eSAKY STEEL, siqinisekisa ukuba yonke into ihambelana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe ngohlalutyo olupheleleyo lwekhemikhali. Ilebhu yethu ephucukileyo ixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zanamhlanje, kuquka i-Optical Emission Spectrometer (OES), isixhobo se-Positive Material Identification (PMI), i-Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometer (ICP), kunye ne-X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) analyzer.
| Indlela (Isifinyezo) | Igama elipheleleyo lesiNgesi / Inkcazo | Injongo Eqhelekileyo |
|---|---|---|
| Ii-OES | Uhlalutyo lweSpectrometric ye-Optical Emission | Uvavanyo lokwakheka kwe-alloy ngokukhawuleza |
| I-PMI | Ukuchonga Izinto Ezilungileyo | Ukuqinisekiswa kwenqanaba lezinto ezikhoyo kwindawo |
| I-ICP | I-Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometric | Uhlalutyo oluchanekileyo lwezinto ezilandelelanayo |
| I-XRF | I-X-Radial Fluorescence Spectrometric | Uhlalutyo lwezinto ezininzi kwiisampuli zesinyithi kunye ne-alloy |
| Uhlalutyo lweCarbon kunye neSulfur | Isihlalutyi seCarbon neSulfur | Ukumiselwa komxholo we-C kunye no-S kwiintsimbi |
| Uhlalutyo lwe-N/O/H | Isihlalutyi seNitrogen, iOksijini, kunye neHydrogen | Ukufunyanwa kwezinto zegesi kwiisinyithi |
| Ubungakanani beKhemikhali | Indlela yeClassical Wet Chemistry | Ukuqinisekiswa kweekhemikhali okuqhelekileyo |
| I-Spectrophotometer | Uhlalutyo lweSpectrophotometric olubonakala nge-UV | Uvavanyo lwe-Trace element colorimetric |
| I-FAAS | I-Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy | Umlinganiselo wezinto ezinobungakanani |
| GC | I-Chromatography yeGesi | Ukwahlula kunye nohlalutyo lweegesi okanye iikhompawundi eziguquguqukayo |
| IC | I-Ion Chromatography | Uhlalutyo lwee-anions kunye nee-cations kwizisombululo |
| GD-MS | I-Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometry | Uhlalutyo lobunzulu kunye nohlalutyo lomphezulu |
| Isihlalutyi seTOC | Isihlalutyi seCarbon yeOrganic iyonke | Uvavanyo lomxholo we-organic |
| I-IR Spectrometer | I-Infrared Spectrometry | Ulwakhiwo lwemolekyuli kunye nokuchongwa kwekhompawundi |
| Uvavanyo Lokusebenza Koomatshini: |
Apha eSAKY STEEL, senza uluhlu olupheleleyo lovavanyo lokusebenza koomatshini ukuqinisekisa amandla, ukuqina, kunye nokuqina kwayo yonke imveliso yentsimbi engagqwaliyo, intsimbi ye-alloy, kunye ne-nickel alloy esiyihambisayo. Senza uvavanyo olupheleleyo olufana namandla okutsalwa, amandla okuvelisa, ukunwebeka, ubulukhuni (Brinell, Rockwell, Vickers, Leeb), ukugoba, ukuqina kwempembelelo, ukudinwa, kunye nokuqina kokuqhekeka (KIC kunye ne-CTOD). Olu vavanyo lulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo indlela esebenza ngayo imishini yezixhobo phantsi kwemithwalo eyahlukeneyo kunye neendawo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa ngokupheleleyo kwemigangatho ye-ASTM, EN, GB, kunye ne-ISO.
| Into yoVavanyo | Igama elipheleleyo / Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Uvavanyo lobunzima bukaBrinell / Rockwell / Vickers | Ukulinganiswa kobunzima kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesinyithi |
| Uvavanyo lobunzima beKnoop / Leeb / Webster | Uvavanyo lobunzima obuphathekayo kunye nobuncinci |
| Uvavanyo lokuqina konxweme / iMohs / ipensile | Uvavanyo lobunzima bomphezulu |
| Uvavanyo lwe-Nano indentiation | Uhlalutyo lwepropathi ye-Micro/nano mechanical |
| Uvavanyo lokuxinana kwegumbi / ubushushu obuphezulu | Uvavanyo lwamandla okutsalwa kubushushu obuphakathi okanye obuphezulu |
| Uvavanyo lwe-elastic modulus / Poisson's ratio | Iimpawu zokuguquguquka kwe-elastic |
| Uvavanyo lwe-Tensile strain hardening exponent (n) | Ukuziphatha kokuqinisa uxinzelelo lwezinto |
| Uvavanyo lwePlastiki yoxinzelelo lwe-Strain (r) | Ipropati yokuguqulwa kweplastiki |
| Uvavanyo lokugoba | Uvavanyo lwe-Ductility kunye nokwakheka |
| Uvavanyo lokugoba olubuyela umva | Uvavanyo lokudinwa kunye nokuguquguquka |
| Uvavanyo lokutshaya/lokutshaya/lokuthambisa | Uvavanyo lokusebenza kokwenziwa kwetyhubhu kunye nemibhobho |
| Uvavanyo lwempembelelo yobushushu obuphantsi / begumbi | Uvavanyo lokuqina kwempembelelo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo |
| Uvavanyo lobuthathaka bomoya | Uvavanyo lokungaqini komoya |
| Uvavanyo lokuqina kwamathambo (uvavanyo lwe-KIC) | Ukumelana nokuqhekeka phantsi koxinzelelo |
| Uvavanyo lokucheba | Umlinganiselo wamandla okucheba |
| Uvavanyo lokudinwa | Ukuqina phantsi komthwalo ojikelezayo |
| Uvavanyo lokunyamezela | Ukumelana nokuguquguquka kwexesha elide |
| Uvavanyo lweCrack Tip Opening Displacement (CTOD) | Uhlalutyo lokusasazwa kwee-crack mechanics kunye ne-crack mechanics |
| Uvavanyo loomatshini olungekho semgangathweni | Uvavanyo olwenziwe ngokwezifiso olusekelwe kwiimfuno zabathengi |
| Usetyenziso lwee-Round Bars ze-309, 309S, kunye ne-309H: |
Iibha zentsimbi engagqwaliyo ze-309, 309S, kunye ne-309H zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo zenkonzo ezinobushushu obuphezulu kunye nezokubola apho amandla, ukumelana ne-oxidation, kunye nozinzo lwesakhiwo zibalulekile. Ezi nqanaba zisebenza kakuhle kakhulu kwiimeko zokufudumeza eziqhubekayo nezingenaxesha, nto leyo ezenza ukuba zilungele izixhobo zenkqubo yobushushu kunye nokusetyenziswa kakhulu kwimizi-mveliso.
Izicelo eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
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Izixhobo zesithando somlilo, imilomo yokutshisa, kunye neebhasikithi zonyango lobushushu
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Iityhubhu zebhoyila, izixhasi ze-superheater, kunye nezixhobo zokutshintsha ubushushu
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Izixhobo zokucubungula iikhemikhali kunye nezixhobo zepetrochemical
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Ii-kiln liners, ii-retorts, kunye nee-radiant tubes
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Iinkqubo zokukhupha umoya kunye nezixhobo zegesi yolwelo ekuveliseni umbane
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Amagumbi okwandisa, amagumbi okutsha, kunye nee-ankile ezichaseneyo
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Iinkqubo zokucubungula ukutya kunye ne-thermal oxidation
Ngenxa yokudibanisa kwazo amandla, ukumelana nokugqwala, kunye nozinzo lobushushu,I-SakySteelIibha zentsimbi engagqwaliyo ezingama-309 / 309S / 309H ziqinisekisa ubomi benkonzo ende kunye nokusebenza okuthembekileyo kwiindawo zoshishino ezifuna amandla.
| FAQ |
Q1: Yintoni umahluko ophambili phakathi kwe-309, 309S, kunye ne-309H?
I-309S inekhabhoni ephantsi ukuze ikwazi ukudityaniswa ngcono, ngelixa i-309H inekhabhoni ephezulu ukuze iphucule amandla obushushu obuphezulu.
Umbuzo 2: Ngaba la manqanaba anokuqiniswa ngonyango lobushushu?
I-309, i-309S, kunye ne-309H ziintsimbi ze-austenitic; zinokomelezwa kuphela ngokusebenza ngokubandayo.
Q3: Ingakanani iqondo lobushushu lenkonzo?
Ziyamelana ne-oxidation kwaye zikhula zifikelele malunga1100°C (2010°F).
Umbuzo 4: Zeziphi izicelo eziqhelekileyo?
Izithando zomlilo, iibhoyila, izitshintshi-bushushu, iinkqubo zokukhupha umbane, kunye nezixhobo zokucubungula iikhemikhali.
Umbuzo 5: Zeziphi izinto ezigqityiweyo kumphezulu ezikhoyo?
Iibhari ezigoqwe ngobushushu, ezitsalwa ngokubandayo, ezikhazimlisiweyo, nezikhanyayo ezibonelelwa yiI-SakySteel.
| Kutheni Ukhetha iSAKYSTEEL: |
Umgangatho othembekileyo– Iibhari zethu zentsimbi engagqwaliyo, iipayipi, iikhoyili, kunye neeflange zenziwe ukuze zihlangabezane nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe efana ne-ASTM, i-AISI, i-EN, kunye ne-JIS.
Uhlolo oluQondileyo– Yonke imveliso ivavanywa nge-ultrasound, uhlalutyo lweekhemikhali, kunye nolawulo lobukhulu ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye nokulandeleka.
Isitokhwe Esiqinileyo kunye nokuhanjiswa okuKhawulezayo– Sigcina uluhlu oluqhelekileyo lweemveliso eziphambili ukuxhasa ii-odolo ezingxamisekileyo kunye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwihlabathi liphela.
Izisombululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso– Ukususela ekunyangweni kobushushu ukuya ekugqityweni komphezulu, iSAKYSTEEL inikezela ngeendlela ezenzelwe wena ukuze zihambelane neemfuno zakho.
Iqela leeNgcali– Ngeminyaka yamava okuthumela ngaphandle, iqela lethu lenkxaso yokuthengisa kunye neyobuchwephesha liqinisekisa unxibelelwano oluhamba kakuhle, iikowuteshini ezikhawulezayo, kunye nenkonzo epheleleyo yamaxwebhu.
| Uqinisekiso loMgangatho lweSAKY STEEL (kuquka zombini ezonakalisayo nezingonakalisiyo): |
1. Uvavanyo loBungakanani bokuBonakala
2. Ukuhlolwa koomatshini njengokutsalwa, Ukwandiswa kunye nokunciphisa indawo.
3. Uhlalutyo lwempembelelo
4. Uhlalutyo lovavanyo lweekhemikhali
5. Uvavanyo lokuqina
6. Uvavanyo lokukhusela ukugoba
7. Uvavanyo lokuNgena
8. Uvavanyo lokuGqobhoka phakathi kweegranules
9. Uvavanyo loBurhabaxa
10. Uvavanyo lovavanyo lweMetallography
| Ukupakisha kweSAKY STEEL'S: |
1. Ukupakisha kubaluleke kakhulu, ingakumbi xa impahla ithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, apho impahla idlula kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo ukuze ifikelele kwindawo efanelekileyo, ngoko ke sibeka inkxalabo ekhethekileyo malunga nokupakisha.
2. I-Saky Steel ipakisha iimpahla zethu ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ngokusekelwe kwiimveliso. Sipakisha iimveliso zethu ngeendlela ezininzi, ezinje,
