Kayan aiki karfeana amfani da shi don yin kayan aikin yankan, ma'auni, gyare-gyare da kayan aiki masu jurewa. Ƙarfe na kayan aiki na yau da kullum yana da tsayin daka kuma yana iya kula da tsayin daka, ja tauri, juriya mai girma da ƙarfin da ya dace a babban zafin jiki. Abubuwan buƙatu na musamman sun haɗa da ƙananan nakasar maganin zafi, juriya na lalata da ingantattun injina. Dangane da nau'ikan sinadarai daban-daban, ƙarfe na kayan aiki ya kasu kashi uku: ƙarfe na ƙarfe na ƙarfe, ƙarfe na ƙarfe, da ƙarfe mai sauri (mahimmanci babban kayan aikin ƙarfe); bisa ga manufar, ana iya raba shi zuwa kashi uku: yankekayan aiki karfe, mold karfe, da ma'aunin karfe.
Carbon kayan aiki karfe:
Abubuwan da ke cikin carbon ɗin ƙarfe na kayan aikin carbon yana da inganci, tsakanin 0.65-1.35%. Bayan zafi magani, surface na carbon kayan aiki karfe iya samun mafi girma taurin da taurin, da kuma core yana da mafi alhẽri processability; Ƙaƙƙarwar annealing yana da ƙasa (ba fiye da HB207 ba), aikin sarrafawa yana da kyau, amma taurin ja ba shi da kyau. Lokacin da zafin aiki ya kai 250 ℃, taurin da lalacewa juriya na faɗuwar karfe da ƙarfi, kuma taurin ya faɗi ƙasa da HRC60. Carbon kayan aiki karfe yana da ƙananan ƙarfin ƙarfi, kuma manyan kayan aikin ba za a iya taurare ba (diamita na hardening a cikin ruwa shine 15mm). Tauri na saman da aka taurare Layer da sashin tsakiya ya bambanta sosai a lokacin da ruwa ke kashewa, wanda ke da sauƙi don lalata ko samar da fasa yayin quenching. Bugu da kari, kewayon zafinsa yana da kunkuntar, kuma yakamata a kula da zafin jiki sosai yayin kashewa. Hana zafi fiye da kima, decarburization da nakasa. Carbon kayan aiki karfe an prefixed da "T" don kauce wa rudani da sauran karafa: lamba a cikin karfe lambar nuna carbon abun ciki, bayyana a cikin dubun na matsakaicin carbon abun ciki. Misali, T8 yana nuna matsakaicin abun ciki na carbon na 0.8%; ga wadanda ke da babban abun ciki na manganese, "Mn" ana yiwa alama a ƙarshen lambar karfe, misali, "T8Mn"; abun ciki na phosphorus da sulfur na kayan aiki na kayan aiki na carbon mai inganci sun yi ƙasa da na kayan aikin carbon na gabaɗaya, kuma ana ƙara harafin A bayan lambar ƙarfe don bambanta shi.
Alloy kayan aiki karfe
Yana nufin karfe wanda ke da wasu abubuwa masu haɗawa da aka ƙara don inganta aikin karfen kayan aiki. Abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su sun haɗa da tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), chromium (Cr), vanadium (V), titanium (Ti), da dai sauransu. Jimillar abubuwan da ke haɗawa gabaɗaya baya wuce 5%. Alloy kayan aiki karfe yana da mafi girma hardenability, hardenability, sa juriya da tauri fiye da carbon kayan aiki karfe. Dangane da manufar, ana iya raba shi kusan zuwa nau'i uku: kayan aikin yankan, gyare-gyare da kayan aunawa. Abubuwan da aka fitar na mold karfe lissafin kusan 80% na gami kayan aiki karfe. Daga cikin su, karfe tare da babban abun ciki na carbon (wC mafi girma fiye da 0.80%) ana amfani dashi mafi yawa don kera kayan aikin yanke, kayan aikin aunawa da kayan aikin sanyi. Taurin irin wannan ƙarfe bayan quenching yana sama da HRC60 kuma yana da isasshen juriya; karfe tare da matsakaicin abun ciki na carbon (wt0.35% ~ 0.70%) galibi ana amfani dashi don kera kayan aikin zafi mai zafi. Taurin irin wannan ƙarfe bayan quenching yana ɗan ƙasa kaɗan, a HRC50 ~ 55, amma tare da tauri mai kyau.
Karfe kayan aiki mai sauri
Karfe ne na kayan aiki mai ƙarfi, gabaɗaya yana nufin ƙarfe mai sauri. A carbon abun ciki ne kullum tsakanin 0.70 da kuma 1.65%, da alloying abubuwa ne in mun gwada high, tare da jimlar adadin har zuwa 10-25%, ciki har da C, Mn, Si, Cr, V, W, Mo, da kuma Co. Ana iya amfani da su yi high-gudun Rotary yankan kayan aikin, tare da high ja taurin, mai kyau lalacewa juriya, da high ƙarfi, da kuma babban ƙarfi, da V. Lokacin da yankan zafin jiki ya kai 600 ° C, taurin har yanzu ba ya raguwa sosai. Yawancin lokaci ana samar da shi a cikin tanderun lantarki kuma ana amfani da hanyar ƙarfe na foda don samar da ƙarfe mai sauri, don haka ana rarraba carbides a ko'ina a kan matrix a cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, wanda zai iya ƙara yawan rayuwar sabis. Kayan aikin karfe masu sauri suna lissafin kusan kashi 75% na yawan kayan aikin gida.
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-16-2025