Tool simbiinoshandiswa kugadzira maturusi ekucheka, geji, molds uye maturusi asingapfeki. General tool simbi ine kuoma kwepamusoro uye inogona kuchengetedza kuomarara kwepamusoro, kuomarara kwakatsvuka, kukwirira kupfeka kuramba uye kusimba kwakakodzera pakupisa kwepamusoro. Special zvinodiwa zvinosanganisirawo diki kupisa kurapwa deformation, ngura kuramba uye yakanaka machinability. Zvinoenderana neakasiyana maumbirwo emakemikari, simbi yemidziyo yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu: kabhoni mudziyo simbi, alloy mudziyo simbi, uye yakakwirira-kumhanya simbi (chaizvoizvo yakakwirira-chishandiswa simbi simbi); maererano nechinangwa, inogona kugoverwa muzvikamu zvitatu: kuchekamudziyo simbi, simbi yekuumbwa, uye geji simbi.
Carbon tool simbi:
Iyo kabhoni yemukati kabhoni mudziyo simbi yakakwira, pakati pe0.65-1.35%. Mushure mekupisa kupisa, pamusoro pekabhoni mudziyo simbi inogona kuwana yakakwirira kuomarara uye kuomarara, uye iyo yakakosha ine zvirinani processability; iyo annealing kuomarara yakaderera (kwete kupfuura HB207), iyo yekugadzirisa mashandiro akanaka, asi iyo tsvuku kuoma kwakashata. Kana tembiricha yekushanda yasvika 250 ℃, kuoma uye kupfeka kuramba kwesimbi kunodonha zvakanyanya, uye kuoma kunodonha pasi peHRC60. Carbon tool steel ine yakaderera kuomarara, uye maturusi makuru haagone kuomeswa (dhayamita yekuomesera mumvura i15mm). Kuomarara kwepamusoro kwakaomeswa rukoko uye chikamu chepakati chakasiyana zvakanyanya panguva yekudzima kwemvura, izvo zviri nyore kukanganisa kana kugadzira mitswe panguva yekudzima. Mukuwedzera, iyo yekudzima tembiricha yemhando yakamanikana, uye tembiricha inofanira kunyatsodzorwa panguva yekudzima. Kudzivirira kupisa, decarburization uye deformation. Carbon tool steel inoiswa prefix na "T" kudzivirira kuvhiringika nemamwe masimbi: nhamba iri munhamba yesimbi inoratidza kabhoni yemukati, inoratidzwa muzviuru zveavhareji kabhoni. Semuenzaniso, T8 inoratidza avhareji yekabhoni ye0.8%; kune avo vane manganese akakwirira, "Mn'" inotarwa pamagumo enhamba yesimbi, semuenzaniso, "T8Mn'"; iyo phosphorus nesarufa yemhando yepamusoro kabhoni mudziyo simbi yakaderera pane iyo yemhando yepamusoro kabhoni mudziyo simbi, uye vara A rinowedzerwa mushure meiyo simbi nhamba kuti isiyanise.
Alloy tool simbi
Zvinoreva simbi ine mamwe maalloying maelement akawedzerwa kunatsiridza mashandiro emidziyo simbi. Aroying zvinhu zvinowanzo shandiswa zvinosanganisira tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), chromium (Cr), vanadium (V), titanium (Ti), zvichingodaro. Zvose zviri mukati mezvikamu zvealloying kazhinji hazvipfuuri 5%. Alloy mudziyo simbi ine yakakwirira kuoma, kuomarara, kupfeka kuramba uye kuoma kupfuura kabhoni mudziyo simbi. Zvinoenderana nechinangwa, inogona kukamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu: maturusi ekucheka, mold uye maturusi ekuyeresa. Kubuda kwesimbi yekuumbwa kunoda kusvika 80% yealloy tool simbi. Pakati pavo, simbi ine yakakwira kabhoni yemukati (wC yakakura kupfuura 0.80%) inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira maturusi ekucheka, maturusi ekuyeresa uye kutonhora kushanda mold. Kuomarara kwemhando iyi yesimbi mushure mekudzima kuri pamusoro peHRC60 uye ine zvakakwana kupfeka kusagadzikana; simbi ine yepakati kabhoni yemukati (wt0.35% ~ 0.70%) inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira inopisa kushanda mold. Kuomarara kwemhando iyi yesimbi mushure mekudzima kwakadzikira zvishoma, paHRC50 ~ 55, asi nekusimba kwakanaka.
High-speed tool simbi
Isimbi yepamusoro-alloy, kazhinji inoreva simbi inomhanya kwazvo. Iyo kabhoni yemukati kazhinji iri pakati pe0.70 uye 1.65%, uye iyo alloying zvinhu zvakakwirira, zvine huwandu hwese hunosvika 10-25%, kusanganisira C, Mn, Si, Cr, V, W, Mo, uye Co. Inogona kushandiswa kugadzira yakakwirira-speed rotary kucheka maturusi, ane yakanyanya tsvuku kuomarara, yakanaka kupfeka uye Mor kuramba, uye chiyero chepamusoro, W, simba, uye W, simba rakanyanya, W hombe. Kana tembiricha yekucheka yakakwira kusvika 600 ° C, kuoma kuchiri kudonha zvakanyanya. Inowanzo gadzirwa muchoto chemagetsi uye nzira yehupfu yesimbi inoshandiswa kugadzira simbi yepamusoro, kuitira kuti carbides igoverwe zvakaenzana pamatrix muzvikamu zvakanyanyisa, izvo zvinogona kuwedzera hupenyu hwebasa. Maturusi esimbi anomhanya anosvika makumi manomwe neshanu muzana ezvese zvekugadzirwa kwemidziyo yemumba.
Nguva yekutumira: May-16-2025