Cov cuab yeej steelyog siv los ua cov cuab yeej txiav, ntsuas, pwm thiab cov cuab yeej hnav-resistant. General cuab yeej steel muaj siab hardness thiab muaj peev xwm tswj tau siab hardness, liab hardness, siab hnav tsis kam thiab tsim nyog toughness ntawm kub kub. Cov kev cai tshwj xeeb kuj suav nrog kev kho cua sov me me deformation, corrosion kuj thiab zoo machinability. Raws li kev sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj sib txawv, cov cuab yeej hlau tau muab faib ua peb pawg: cov cuab yeej carbon steel, cov cuab yeej hlau hlau, thiab cov hlau ceev ceev (qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov cuab yeej high-alloy steel); raws li lub hom phiaj, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb pawg: txiavcuab yeej steel, pwm steel, thiab ntsuas steel.
Cov pa roj carbon steel:
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov pa roj carbon steel yog qhov siab, ntawm 0.65-1.35%. Tom qab kev kho cua sov, qhov saum npoo ntawm cov cuab yeej carbon steel tuaj yeem tau txais cov tawv tawv dua thiab tawv, thiab cov tub ntxhais muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo dua; lub annealing hardness yog tsawg (tsis ntau tshaj HB207), kev ua tau zoo, tab sis cov liab hardness tsis zoo. Thaum ua haujlwm kub txog 250 ℃, qhov hardness thiab hnav tsis kam ntawm steel poob sharply, thiab hardness poob qis dua HRC60. Cov cuab yeej carbon steel muaj qhov hardenability tsawg, thiab cov cuab yeej loj tuaj yeem tsis tuaj yeem hardened (qhov txoj kab uas hla ntawm hardening hauv dej yog 15 hli). Lub hardness ntawm txheej txheej hardened thiab qhov chaw nruab nrab yog sib txawv heev thaum lub sij hawm dej quenching, uas yog ib qho yooj yim rau deform los yog tsim cov kab nrib pleb thaum quenching. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws qhov quenching kub ntau yog nqaim, thiab qhov kub thiab txias yuav tsum tau tswj nruj me ntsis thaum quenching. Tiv thaiv overheating, decarburization thiab deformation. Cov cuab yeej carbon steel yog ua ntej nrog "T" kom tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab nrog lwm cov hlau: tus naj npawb ntawm cov hlau qhia cov ntsiab lus carbon, qhia hauv txhiab ntawm cov ntsiab lus nruab nrab carbon. Piv txwv li, T8 qhia qhov nruab nrab carbon cov ntsiab lus ntawm 0.8%; rau cov neeg uas muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm manganese ntau dua, "Mn'" yog cim ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov hlau, piv txwv li, "T8Mn"; phosphorus thiab sulfur cov ntsiab lus ntawm high-zoo carbon cuab yeej steel yog qis dua li ntawm cov high-zoo carbon cuab tam steel, thiab tsab ntawv A yog ntxiv tom qab cov hlau tooj kom paub qhov txawv nws.
Alloy cuab yeej steel
Hais txog steel uas muaj qee cov ntsiab lus alloying ntxiv los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cuab yeej hlau. Feem ntau siv alloying ntsiab muaj xws li tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), chromium (Cr), vanadium (V), titanium (Ti), thiab lwm yam. Tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm alloying ntsiab feem ntau tsis tshaj 5%. Alloy cuab yeej steel muaj ntau dua hardenability, hardenability, hnav tsis kam thiab toughness dua carbon cuab yeej steel. Raws li lub hom phiaj, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb pawg: cov cuab yeej txiav, pwm thiab cov cuab yeej ntsuas. Cov khoom tsim tawm ntawm pwm hlau suav txog li 80% ntawm cov cuab yeej hlau hlau. Ntawm lawv, steel nrog cov ntsiab lus siab carbon (wC ntau dua 0.80%) feem ntau yog siv los tsim cov cuab yeej txiav, ntsuas cov cuab yeej thiab cov pwm ua haujlwm txias. Lub hardness ntawm hom hlau tom qab quenching yog siab tshaj HRC60 thiab muaj txaus hnav tsis kam; steel nrog nruab nrab cov ntsiab lus carbon (wt0.35% ~ 0.70%) feem ntau yog siv los tsim cov pwm ua haujlwm kub. Lub hardness ntawm hom hlau tom qab quenching yog me ntsis qis, ntawm HRC50 ~ 55, tab sis nrog zoo toughness.
High-speed cuab yeej steel
Nws yog cov cuab yeej high-alloy steel, feem ntau xa mus rau high-speed steel. Cov ntsiab lus carbon feem ntau yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 0.70 thiab 1.65%, thiab cov ntsiab lus alloying yog qhov siab, nrog rau tag nrho cov nyiaj txog li 10-25%, suav nrog C, Mn, Si, Cr, V, W, Mo, thiab Co. Thaum txiav kub siab li 600 ° C, qhov hardness tseem tsis poob qis. Nws feem ntau yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub cub hluav taws xob thiab cov hmoov metallurgy txoj kev yog siv los ua cov hlau ceev ceev, kom cov carbides sib npaug ntawm cov matrix hauv cov khoom zoo heev, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub neej ua haujlwm. High-speed steel cov cuab yeej suav txog li 75% ntawm tag nrho cov cuab yeej siv hauv tsev.
Post lub sij hawm: May-16-2025