Isixhobo sentsimbiisetyenziselwa ukwenza izixhobo zokusika, iigeyiji, iimolds kunye nezixhobo ezixhathisayo. Isixhobo esiqhelekileyo sensimbi sinobulukhuni obuphezulu kwaye sinokugcina ubulukhuni obuphezulu, ubunzima obubomvu, ukuxhathisa okuphezulu kunye nokuqina okufanelekileyo kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu. Iimfuno ezikhethekileyo zikwabandakanya i-deformation encinci yonyango lokushisa, ukuxhathisa ukubola kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo zeekhemikhali, insimbi yesixhobo ihlukaniswe ngamacandelo amathathu: i-carbon tool steel, i-alloy tool steel, kunye ne-high-speed steel (eyona nto i-high-alloy tool); ngokwenjongo, inokwahlulwa ibe ngamacandelo amathathu: ukusikaisixhobo sentsimbi, intsimbi yokungunda, kunye nentsimbi yokulinganisa.
Isixhobo sekhabhoni yentsimbi:
Umxholo wekhabhoni we-carbon tool steel uphezulu kakhulu, phakathi kwe-0.65-1.35%. Emva konyango lobushushu, umphezulu wesixhobo se-carbon metal unokufumana ubunzima obuphezulu kunye nokuqina, kwaye ingundoqo inokuqhubekeka okungcono; ukuqina kwe-annealing kuphantsi (akukho ngaphezu kwe-HB207), ukusebenza kokucubungula kulungile, kodwa ukuqina okubomvu akubi. Xa ubushushu bokusebenza bufikelela kuma-250 ℃, ukuqina kunye nokumelana nokunxiba kwentsimbi kwehla ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ukuqina kwehla ngaphantsi kwe-HRC60. Insimbi yensimbi yeCarbon inobunzima obuphantsi, kwaye izixhobo ezinkulu azikwazi ukuqina (ububanzi bokuqina emanzini bu-15mm). Ubunzima bomgangatho owenziwe lukhuni kunye nenxalenye ephakathi ihluke kakhulu ngexesha lokucinywa kwamanzi, okulula ukukhubaza okanye ukwenza iintanda ngexesha lokucima. Ukongezelela, uluhlu lwalo lokushisa olucinyiweyo luncinci, kwaye ubushushu kufuneka balawulwe ngokungqongqo ngexesha lokucima. Thintela ubushushu, decarburization kunye deformation. Isixhobo seCarbon sensimbi sifakwe kwi-"T" ukuphepha ukudideka kunye nezinye iintsimbi: inombolo kwinombolo yentsimbi ibonisa umxholo wekhabhoni, ochazwe kwiwaka le-carbon content. Ngokomzekelo, i-T8 ibonisa umxholo wekhabhoni ophakathi kwe-0.8%; kwabo banomxholo ophezulu we-manganese, "Mn'" iphawulwe ekupheleni kwenombolo yentsimbi, umzekelo, "T8Mn'"; i-phosphorus kunye ne-sulfure ye-high-quality-carbon tool steel iphantsi kuneyomgangatho ophezulu we-carbon tool steel, kwaye unobumba A wongezwa emva kwenombolo yensimbi ukuyihlula.
I-alloy isixhobo sentsimbi
Kubhekiselwa kwintsimbi enezinto ezithile zokudibanisa ezongezelelweyo ukuphucula ukusebenza kwesixhobo sensimbi. Izinto ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo zokuhlanganisa ziquka i-tungsten (W), i-molybdenum (Mo), i-chromium (Cr), i-vanadium (V), i-titanium (i-Ti), njl. Isixhobo sensimbi ye-alloy sinobunzima obuphezulu, ukuqina, ukuxhathisa kunye nokuqina kunentsimbi yensimbi ye-carbon. Ngokwenjongo, inokwahlulwa ngokufanelekileyo ngokweendidi ezintathu: izixhobo zokusika, ukubumba kunye nezixhobo zokulinganisa. Imveliso yensimbi yokubumba i-akhawunti malunga ne-80% yensimbi ye-alloy tool. Phakathi kwazo, intsimbi enomxholo ophezulu wekhabhoni (wC enkulu kune-0.80%) isetyenziselwa kakhulu ukuvelisa izixhobo zokusika, izixhobo zokulinganisa kunye nokubumba okubandayo okusebenzayo. Ubunzima bolu hlobo lwentsimbi emva kokucima kungaphezulu kwe-HRC60 kwaye inokumelana nokugqoka okwaneleyo; intsimbi enomxholo ophakathi kwekhabhoni (wt0.35% ~ 0.70%) isetyenziswa kakhulu ukwenza iimolds zokusebenza ezishushu. Ukuqina kolu hlobo lwentsimbi emva kokucima kuncinci, kwi-HRC50 ~ 55, kodwa ngokuqina okulungileyo.
Isixhobo esinesantya esiphezulu sentsimbi
Ngaba insimbi yensimbi ephezulu, ngokuqhelekileyo ibhekisela kwintsimbi yesantya esiphezulu. Umxholo wekhabhoni ngokuqhelekileyo uphakathi kwe-0.70 kunye ne-1.65%, kwaye izinto ezixutywayo ziphezulu kakhulu, kunye nenani elipheleleyo ukuya kwi-10-25%, kuquka i-C, Mn, Si, Cr, V, W, Mo, kunye ne-Co. Ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza izixhobo zokusika ezijikelezayo ezikhawulezayo, ezinobunzima obubomvu obuphezulu, ukugqoka okulungileyo kunye ne-Mor ukumelana, i-proportion, i-V, i-proportion ephezulu, i-proportion ye-W enkulu. Xa iqondo lokushisa lokusika liphezulu ukuya kuma-600 ° C, ubulukhuni abunakwehla kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo iveliswa kwisithando sombane kunye ne-powder metallurgy method isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-high-speed steel, ukwenzela ukuba i-carbides isasazwe ngokulinganayo kwi-matrix kwiincinci ezintle kakhulu, ezinokunyusa ubomi benkonzo. Izixhobo zensimbi ezikhawulezayo zithatha malunga ne-75% yemveliso yezixhobo zasekhaya zizonke.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-16-2025