Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa ndodo, chubu, ndi chitoliro mu chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri?

1. Mayina ndi Matanthauzidwe a Zogulitsa (Kuyerekeza kwa Chingerezi ndi Chitchaina)

Dzina la Chingerezi Dzina la Chitchaina Tanthauzo ndi Makhalidwe
Chozungulira 不锈钢圆钢 (Stainless Steel Round) Kawirikawiri amatanthauza mipiringidzo yozungulira yolimba yozungulira, yopangidwa, kapena yokokedwa ndi ozizira. Nthawi zambiri ≥10mm m'mimba mwake, imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza zinthu zina.
Ndodo 不锈钢棒材 (Ndodo yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri) Zingatanthauze ndodo zozungulira, ndodo za hex, kapena ndodo za sikweya. Kawirikawiri mipiringidzo yolimba yaing'ono (monga 2mm–50mm) yokhala ndi kulondola kwakukulu, yoyenera zomangira, zida zomangira molondola, ndi zina zotero.
Pepala 不锈钢薄板 (Stainless Steel Sheet) Kawirikawiri ≤6mm mu makulidwe, makamaka ozizira, okhala ndi pamwamba posalala. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zomangamanga, zida zamagetsi, zida za kukhitchini, ndi zina zotero.
Mbale 不锈钢中厚板 (Mbale wachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri) Kawirikawiri ≥6mm mu makulidwe, makamaka otenthedwa. Oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mitsempha yopondereza, zigawo za kapangidwe kake, komanso ntchito zolemera zamafakitale.
Chubu 不锈钢管) Kawirikawiri amatanthauza mapaipi opangidwa ndi kapangidwe kake, makina, kapena zokongoletsera. Akhoza kulumikizidwa kapena kusasokedwa. Amayang'ana kwambiri kulondola ndi mawonekedwe ake, mwachitsanzo, mipando kapena zipilala.
Chitoliro 不锈钢管(工业管)(Paipi Yopanda Zitsulo - Industrial) Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popangira mapaipi a mafakitale, monga kunyamula madzi, zosinthira kutentha, ndi ma boiler. Amagogomezera makulidwe a khoma, kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya, ndi zofunikira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito (monga SCH10, SCH40).
 

2. Chidule cha Kusiyana Kofunika Kwambiri

Gulu Yolimba Dzenje Cholinga Chachikulu Chogwiritsira Ntchito Makhalidwe Opangira
Chozungulira/Ndodo ✅ Inde ❌ Ayi Machining, nkhungu, zomangira Kugubuduza kotentha, kupangira, kujambula kozizira, kupera
Pepala/Mbale ❌ Ayi ❌ Ayi Kapangidwe, kukongoletsa, ziwiya zopondereza Chozungulira chozizira (pepala) / chozungulira chotentha (mbale)
Chubu ❌ Ayi ✅ Inde Zokongoletsa, zomangamanga, mipando Yolungidwa / yokokedwa mozizira / yopanda msoko
Chitoliro ❌ Ayi ✅ Inde Kuyendera madzimadzi, mizere yothamanga kwambiri Zosasokedwa / zolumikizidwa, zovomerezeka
 

3. Malangizo Okumbukira Mwachangu:

  • Chozungulira= Mzere wozungulira wogwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse, wogwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika

  • Ndodo= Kalabu kakang'ono, kolondola kwambiri

  • Pepala= Chogulitsa chopyapyala (≤6mm)

  • Mbale= Chogulitsa chokhuthala chosalala (≥6mm)

  • Chubu= Kugwiritsa ntchito kukongola/kapangidwe kake

  • Chitoliro= Yoyendera madzi (yoyesedwa ndi kuthamanga/muyezo)

 

I. ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) (Bungwe la Kuyesa ndi Zipangizo la ku America)

Ndodo / Mzere Wozungulira

  • Muyezo Wofotokozera: ASTM A276 (Zofunikira Zapadera za Mipiringidzo ndi Mawonekedwe a Chitsulo Chosapanga Chitsulo - Chotenthedwa ndi Chozizira)

  • Tanthauzo: Mipiringidzo yolimba yokhala ndi magawo osiyanasiyana (ozungulira, a sikweya, a hexagonal, ndi zina zotero) yogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zonse komanso popanga makina.

  • Zindikirani: Mu mawu a ASTM, mawu akuti “mzere wozungulira” ndi “ndodo” nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosinthana. Komabe, mawu akuti “ndodo” nthawi zambiri amatanthauza mizere yaying'ono, yokokedwa yozizira yokhala ndi mawonekedwe olondola kwambiri.

Pepala / Mbale

  • Muyezo Wofotokozera: ASTM A240 (Zofunikira Zapadera za Chromium ndi Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, ndi Strip ya Zombo Zopanikizika ndi Ntchito Zonse)

  • Kusiyana kwa Tanthauzo:

    • Pepala: Kukhuthala < 6.35 mm (1/4 inchi)

    • Mbale: Kukhuthala ≥ 6.35 mm

  • Zonsezi ndi zinthu zosalala, koma zimasiyana mu makulidwe ndi cholinga chogwiritsira ntchito.

Chitoliro

  • Muyezo Wofotokozera: ASTM A312 (Zofunikira Zapadera za Mapaipi Opanda Chitsulo Chosapanga Chitsulo Chopanda Msoko, Cholumikizidwa, komanso Chozizira Kwambiri)

  • Kugwiritsa ntchito: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ponyamula madzi. Amagogomezera m'mimba mwake wamkati, kukula kwa chitoliro (NPS), ndi kalasi ya kupanikizika (monga SCH 40).

Chubu

  • Miyezo Yofotokozera:

    • ASTM A269 (Zofunikira Zapadera za Machubu Opanda Msoko ndi Olumikizidwa a Austenitic Stainless Steel for General Service)

    • ASTM A554 (Zofunikira Zapadera za Machubu Opangidwa ndi Chitsulo Chosapanga Chitsulo Chofewa)

  • Kuyang'ana kwambiri: M'mimba mwake wakunja ndi ubwino wa pamwamba. Kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu, makina, kapena zokongoletsera.

II.ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers)

  • Miyezo: ASME B36.10M / B36.19M

  • Tanthauzo: Tanthauzirani kukula kodziwika bwino ndi nthawi yokwanira makulidwe a khoma (monga, SCH 10, SCH 40) ya chitsulo chosapanga dzimbirimapaipi.

  • Gwiritsani ntchito: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi ASTM A312 m'mafakitale a mapaipi a mafakitale.

III.ISO (Bungwe Lapadziko Lonse Loyimira Malamulo)

  • ISO 15510: Kuyerekeza kwa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri (sikutanthauza mitundu ya zinthu).

  • ISO 9445: Kulekerera ndi kukula kwa mzere wozungulira wozizira, pepala, ndi mbale.

  • ISO 1127Miyeso yokhazikika ya machubu achitsulo - imasiyanitsachubundichitolirondi mainchesi akunja poyerekeza ndi mainchesi odziwika.

IV.EN (Malamulo aku Europe)

  • EN 10088-2: Zinthu zosapanga dzimbiri zosapanga dzimbiri (pepala ndi mbale) zogwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse.

  • EN 10088-3: Zinthu zazitali zopangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri monga mipiringidzo ndi mawaya.

V. Gome Lachidule - Mtundu wa Zogulitsa ndi Miyezo Yofotokozera

Mtundu wa Chinthu Miyezo Yofotokozera Tanthauzo Lofunika la Mawu
Chozungulira / Ndodo ASTM A276, EN 10088-3 Mipiringidzo yolimba, yokokedwa ndi ozizira kapena yozunguliridwa ndi kutentha
Pepala ASTM A240, EN 10088-2 Kukhuthala < 6mm
Mbale ASTM A240, EN 10088-2 Kukhuthala ≥ 6mm
Chubu ASTM A269, ASTM A554, ISO 1127 Kuyang'ana kwa dayamita yakunja, komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga kapangidwe kake kapena kukongola kwake
Chitoliro ASTM A312, ASME B36.19M Kukula kwa chitoliro chodziwika (NPS), chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ponyamula madzi
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-08-2025